时间:2023-01-17 04:21:29
序论:在您撰写八年级英语下知识点时,参考他人的优秀作品可以开阔视野,小编为您整理的7篇范文,希望这些建议能够激发您的创作热情,引导您走向新的创作高度。
一、 应掌握的词组:
1. babysit one’s sister 照顾妹妹
2. visit one’s grandmother 看望奶奶
3. spend time with friends和朋友们一起度过时光
4. visit cousins 看望表弟等
5. Go to sports camp 去运动野营
6.go to the beach 去海滩
7. go camping 去野营
8. Go shopping 去买东西
9. go swimming 去游泳
10. go boating去划船
11. go skating 去溜冰
12. go walking去散步
13. go climbing 去登山
14. go dancing去跳舞
15. go hiking 去徒步远足
16. go sightseeing 去观光
17. go house-hunting 去找房子
18.go on a hike 徒步旅行,go bike riding 骑自行车旅行,go fishing 去钓鱼
19. do some shopping 买东西
20. do some washing 洗衣服
21. do some cooking 作饭
22. do some reading 读书
23. do some speaking训练口语
24. do some sewing 做缝纫活
25.that sounds nice 那好极了
26. at home 在家
27. how about=what about ……怎么样?
28. how long 多长时间
29. how far 多远
30. how often 多长时间一次
31. how much, how many 多少
32. have a good time =have fun= have a wonderful time= enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快
33. show sb. Sth.=show sth. to sb.出示某物给某人看
give me the book=give the book to me 给我书,
pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子递给我,
sell me the house=sell the house to me 把房子卖给我
buy me a book =buy a book for me 给我买书,
make me a cake=make a cake for me给我做蛋糕
【重点短语】
1. fewer people 更少的人(fewer修饰名词复数,表示否定)
2. less free time 更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词,表示否定)
3. in ten years 10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时,提问用How soon)
4. fall in love with… 爱上…
例:When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once
当我第一次见到许老师,我立刻爱上他
5. live alone 单独居住
6. feel lonely 感到孤独(比较:live alone/go along等)
The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走,但她并不感到孤独
7. keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪
8. fly to the moon 飞上月球
9. hundreds of +复数 数百/几百(概数,类似还有thousands of; millions of)
10. the same as 和……相同
11. A be different from B A与B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)
12. wake up 醒来(wake sb. up表示 “唤醒某人”
13. get bored 变得厌倦(get/become是连系动词,后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等)
14. go skating 去滑冰(类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等)
15. lots of/a lot of 许多(修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以)
16. at the weekends 在周末
17. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习
18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见)
19. I don’t agree. = I disagree. 我不同意
20. on a piece of paper 在一张纸上(注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词)
21. on vacation 度假
22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事
23. many different kinds of goldfish 许多不同种金鱼
24. live in an apartment 住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor 住在12楼
25. live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332号
26. as a reporter 作为一名记者
27. look smart 显得精神/看起来聪明
28. Are you kidding? 你在骗我吗
29. in the future 在将来/在未来
30. no more=not …anymore 不再(强调多次发生的动作不再发生)I’ll go there no more.
31. no longer=not… any longer 不再(强调状态不再发生)
32. besides(除…之外还,包括)与except …but(除…之外,不包括)
33. be able to与can 能、会
l (be able to用于各种时态,而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中;have to用于各种时态,而must只能用于一般现在时态)例如:
1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. (不可以用can)
2. had to stay at home/ will have to (不可以用must)
34.be big and crowded 大而且拥挤
34. be in college 在上大学
35. live on a space station 住在空间站
36. dress casually 穿得很随意casual clothing 休闲服饰
37. win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯 win award 获僵
38. come true 变成现实
39. take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间
40. be fun to watch 看起来有趣
41. over and over again 一次又一次
42. be in different shapes 形状不同
43. twenty years from now 今后20年【本单元目标句型】
1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?
2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.
l fewer; less表示否定之意,分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词;more二者都可以修饰。
3. Will kids go to school? No, they won’t/Yes, they will。
4. Predicting the future can be difficult.
5. I need to look smart for my job interview.
6. I will be able to dress more casually.
7. I think I’ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.
8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?
9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.
【知识归纳】
形容词,副词的比较等级考查热点透视:
a)表示A与B在程度上相同b)时,c) “as+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。表示A不d)如B时,e)可用“not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。
f)表示A比B在程度上“更…..”时,g)可用“形容词或副词的比较级+than”结构
h)表示三者或三者以上的比较,i)其中一个在程度上“最…..”时,j)常用“the+形容词或副词的级”结构,k)后面可带“of/in的短语”来说明比较的范围。(注意:副词的级在句中常省略“the”.)
l)在形容词或副词的比较级前,m)可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等词语来修饰,n)以加强语气。
o)表示“越来越….”时,p)常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+形容词或副词的比较级”结构,q)但要注意,r)对于多音节和部分双音节形容词,s)副词而t)言,u)若要表达此意时,v)要用“more and more+形容词或副词的原级“结构。
w)在表示“其中最….之一“的含义时,x)常使用 “one of+the+形容词级形式+名y)词复z)数”结构,aa)其中的定冠词the不bb)可以省略。
cc)如果强调“两者中比较…的(一个)”的意思时,dd)可使用“the+形容词比较级+其它”结构。
ee)表示“越….越….”, 可使用“the+形容词或副词的比较级,ff)the+形容词或副词的比较级”结构。
2 .一般将来时
一般将来时的构成:由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成,shall用于第一人称。在口语中,will在名词或代词后常简略为’ll, will not常简略为won’t。这个时态的肯定,否定和疑问结构可表示如下:
肯定句否定句疑问句
I (We)shall(will) go.
You(He, She, They) will go.I(We)shall(will) not go.
You(He, She, They)will not go.Shall I(we) go?
Will you (he, she, they) go?
用”be going to +动词原形”也可表示将来时,表示将要发生的事,打算或决定要做的事。
b)一般将来时的用法:1)表示将要发生的动作或情况;2) 不以人的意志为转移,肯定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是国庆日。
3. in/after:in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”,句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态;after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”,所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后,或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时,它可以与将来时态连用。
4.more, less, fewer的用法区别:more为many, much的比较级,意为“更多”,可修饰可数与不可数名词。Less是little的比较级,意为“更好,较少”,修饰不可数名词。Fewer是few的比较级,意为“更少”,修饰可数名词复数。
【注意】few, little表示否定“几乎没有”。a few, a little表示肯定“一点,几个”。
5.would like sth意思为“想要某物“; would like to do意思为”想要做某事“。回答would like句型的一般疑问句时,其肯定回答为 “Yes, please.”;否定回答“No, thanks”或 “I’d like /love to, but….”
6. Such作形容词,意思是“如此的”“这样的”,修饰各种名词。
Such这样的。如It is such bad weather.天气如此恶劣。
Such常和as搭配,表示一种类别。如We enjoy such a voice as hers.我们喜欢象她那样的嗓子。
Such常和表示结果的that从句搭配,表示“如此….以至于…”如
It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.
Such…that…和so…that…都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。由于such是形容词,所以that从句前有一个受such修饰的名词;而so 是副词,用以修饰形容词或副词,因此that从句前一般不出现名词。如
They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.
The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.
如果名词是可数名词的单数形式,such和so的位置不同:
such+a/an+形容词+单数名词
so+形容词+a/an+单数名词
如果名词是不可数名词或名词复数,只可用such,不能用so.:
such+形容词+不可数名词或复数名词
如果被修饰的不可数名词被much, little, 或复数名词被many, few等表示量的形容词修饰时,用so,不用such.
当little表示“年纪小的”时,可用such+little+名词。
7.be able to 为“能,会”,表示能力,在这个意义上与can的意思相同,一般情况下两者可以互换,但can只有现在式和过去式(could)而be able to则用于更多的时态,主要体现在be的变化。
两者在用法上有一些差异:can (could)表示主观能力不表示意愿,它的将来时用will be able to而 be able to表示主观意愿强调克服困难做某事。【重点语法】
一般将来时
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词:
1.含tomorrow; next短语; 2.in+段时间 ; 3.how soon;
4.by+将来时间; 5.by the time sb.do… 6.祈使句句型中:or/and sb. will do
例Be quick, or you will be late=If you don’t be quick, you will be late
7.在时间/条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时 8.another day
比较be going to 与will:
be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。
如: He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思,而 will 则没有这个意思,如:
She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.
4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如:
If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
掌握了它们的这些不同,你就能很好的区分be going to与will了。
be going to do (动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain.
will do 结构表示将来的用法:
1. 表示预见
Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest.
2. 表示意图
I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.
What will she do tomorrow?
基本构成如下:
一般疑问句构成:
(1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?
(2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …?
Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t
否定句构成:will + not (won’t)+do
Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday.
特殊疑问句构成:
特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday?
根据例句,用will改写下列各句
例:I don’t feel well today. (be better tomorrow) I’ll be better tomorrow.
1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight)
_____________________________
2. I’m tired now. (sleep later)
_____________________________
3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon)
_____________________________
4. We can’t leave right now. (leave a little later)
_____________________________
5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow)
_____________________________
答案:1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. I’ll sleep later. 3. They’ll buy one soon.
重点归纳
话题Make requests
功能项目Apologize
词汇mind 介意 not at all一点也不 turn down调低 yard院子 dish盘堞 brought bring 的过去式 line排;队 polite有理貌的 perhaps或许;大概 door门 voice声音 return归还;返回 term 术语Asian亚洲的;亚洲人的 Europe欧洲 impolite无礼的;粗鲁的 allow允许;承认 public公众 cough 咳嗽smoke抽烟,吸烟drop扔;丢 litter垃圾 pick…up 捡起 behavior 行为;举止 solution解答;解决办法 annoyed恼怒的;生气的 clothing衣服 normal正常的;正规的 etiquette礼节 sneeze打喷嚏;表现 politely客气的;斯文的 cigarette香烟;卷烟;纸烟 criticize
批判 careful 小心;当心
短语right away立刻;马上 at a meeting在开会 cut in line插队 the way to place 去…的路 spend sth. Onin doing sth.花费9时间(金钱)去做某事 not at all 根本不,一点也不 in a minute立刻;马上 no problem 没问题 get annoyed变得气恼 be good for 对…有益
句型--Would you mind moving your bike ?
---Not at all .I’ll do it right away.
---Could you please take out the trash ?
---Sorry ,I’ll do it right away.
语法要点 学会提出请求
would you mind + 动名词结构
would you mind cleaningyour room ?
would you mind not playing basketball here?
Would you mind moving your car?
学习表示歉意
I’m sorry ,I’ll do it right away
Sorry, we’ll go and play in the park .
No,not at all .
基本用法:1)Would you mind doing?=Do you mind doing..?“你介意…?” “请你…好不好?”是一种比较客气的表达方式。
2)如果要表示“请你不要做…好吗?”只需在doing 前面加not.应答用语:
1)如果同意表示不介意时,可用如下用语来表达:Certainly not.; Of course not.;No,not at all.;Not at all.“好,可以”
2)如果不同意表示介意时,常用“Sorry.”“I’m sorry, but…”及陈述某种理由来表示拒绝或反对。;这一句型中的逻辑主语只能是谈话的对方you,如果想要对方允许自己做某事,可以用 “Would you mind my doing..?句型。
形容词与副词之间的转化:1)以le结尾去e变y,possiblepossibly;2)在形容词后直接加ly,usualusually;3)在以辅音字母+e结尾直接加ly,widewidely;4)以元音字母+e结尾,去e加ly,truetruly;5)以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i+ly,happyhappily
put on, wear, dress,have on, in: put on强调动作过程“穿上”为瞬间动词;wear表示结果或状态“穿着”,持续动词;dress强调穿的动作,后面不能跟宾语(衣服)等,还可以作名词,意思是“服装”,dress up化装,dress oneself 给某人穿衣服,dress in穿衣服,have on表示“穿…”,相当于wear,但没有进行时态;in介词,后跟表示颜色的名词,表示穿着某种颜色的衣服。
in a minute, soon等多用于将来时,表示即将去做某事
in+时间段,after+时间段:1)“in+时间段”只能用于一般将来时,“after+时间段”可以用于过去时和将来时2)当二者都用于将来时的时候“in+时间段”表示从现在算起在一定时间内,动作将在未来一周之内的某一个具体时间内发生。“after+时间段”是从这段时间之后算起,动作将在这段时间之后发生。
very, too, so, quite以上几个副词均修饰形容词,副词表示程度,“很,太,非常”;very应用最普遍“很”,只是一个表示程度的副词,它表示的程度比quite要强得多,very只用来修饰形容词和副词的原级;too“太”,一般表示“相对某人而言”;so“如此…,那么…”,往往表明某一事物的程度时,会引起另一种后果。换言之,so所修饰的人或物表示原因后面会有表示结果的句子。So…that…如此…以致于;quite既可以表示充分肯定,意思是 “完全;十分”,也可以表示程度,意思是“完全,十分”,也可以表示程度,意思是“相当”,quite可修饰动词,v.ing,形容词,副词,分词等。quite a +adj+n. a very+adj.+n
move from…to …从…搬到…,迁移;move on继续向前走
yet, already,still:yet用于疑问句中,意为“现在,已经”;用于否定句中,意为“还没”;already与still用于肯定句中,already意为“已经”,still意为“还,仍然”,already若用于疑问句中,表示惊讶或意外;yet与still都可以修饰比较级,意为“更加,益发”。
put away收好,储蓄,放弃;put down放下,扑灭,写下;put…into…把…翻译成…;put off延期;put up举起,张贴,修建;put on穿上,上演
See的用法:1)see+从句,意为“看到…,留意…”如,I saw that you weren’t among the students.2)see sb do sth.看到某人做某事;see sb doing看到某人正在做某事;see+名词 看到
1. make sure 确信;确认
3. beat against... 拍打……
5. fall asleep 进入梦乡;睡着
7. die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失
9. wake up 醒来
11. in a mess 一团糟
13. break... apart 使……分离
15. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候
17. at the time of 当……时候
19. make one’s way to在某人去……的路上
21. important events重大事件
23. for example 例如
25. be killed 被杀害
27. a school pupil 一名小学生
29. in silence 沉默;无声
2. go off (闹钟)发出响声
4. take a hot shower 洗热水澡
6. miss the bus 错过公交车
8. pick up 接(电话)
10. bring... together 使……靠拢
12. in the area 在这个地区
14. miss the event 错过这个事件
16. by the side of the road 在路边
18. walk by 走路经过
20. more recently 最近;新近
22. the World Trade Center 世贸中心
24. take down 拆除;摧毁
26. have meaning to 对……有意义
28. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
30. at first 首先;最初
【重难点句子】
1. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.
当开始下雨的时候,本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。
2. ―What was Jenny doing while Linda was
sleeping?
琳达在睡觉的时候,珍妮正在干什么?
―While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was
helping Mary with her homework.
琳达在睡觉的时候,珍妮正在帮玛丽
做作业。
3. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮,让人感觉这时是午夜。
4. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.
本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面,而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。
5. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.
当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上时,本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。
6. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.
大约凌晨三点风势逐渐减弱的时候,本终于睡着了。
1. get a ride 搭车
3. work on 从事
5. finish doing sth. 完成某事
7. clean and tidy 干净整洁
9. do the dishes 洗餐具
11. throw down 扔下
13. come over 过来
15. take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步
17. all the time 一直;总是
19. shout back 大声回应
21. walk away 走开
23. share the housework 分担家务
25. a comfortable home 一个舒适的家
27. in surprise 惊讶地
29. watch one show 观看一个节目
31. hang out 闲逛
33. pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人
35. lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
37. get sth. wet 把某物弄湿
2. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
4. sweep the floor 扫地
6. make your/ the bed 整理床铺
8. no problem 没问题
10. welcome sb. 欢迎某人
12. do chores 做家务
14. help sb. (to) do/ with sth. 帮助
16. go to the store去商店
18. invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会
20. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
22. a waste of time 浪费时间
24. in order to为了
26. get good grades 取得好成绩
28. mind doing sth. 介意做某事
30. depend on依赖;依靠
32. develop children’s independence 培养孩子的独立性
34. look after/ take care of 照顾;照看
36. do one’s part in (doing) sth. 做某人分内的事
【重难点句子】
1. Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目,可以吗?
2. Could you take out the rubbish, fold the clothes and do the dishes?
你能把垃圾倒了,把衣服叠好,再把碗洗了吗?
3. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.
我刚坐在电视机前,我妈妈就过来了。
4. I’m just as tired as you are!
我和你一样累呀!
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.
有一个星期,她没有做任何家务,我也没做。
6. “I’m sorry, Mom. I finally understand that
we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied. “对不起,妈妈。我终于理解了,为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家,我们需要共同来分担家务。”我回答道。
7. I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.
我把手指割伤了,尽量不弄湿伤口。
1. Clean Up Day 清洁日
3. an old people’s home 养老院
5. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难
7. used to 曾经,过去
9. care for 关心;照顾
11. the look of joy 快乐的表情
13. at the age of 在……岁时
15. clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
17. cheer up (使)变得高兴起来;振奋
19. give out 分发;散发
21. come up with 想出;提出
23. make a plan 制定计划
25. make some notices 做些公告牌
27. try out 试用;试行
29. work for 为……工作;为……效力
30. put up 建造;举起;张贴
2. hand out 分发;散发;发给
4. call up 打电话;召集
6. put off 推迟;延迟
8. for example 比如;例如
10. raise money 筹钱;募捐
12. take after 与……相像;像
14. give away 赠送;捐赠
16. fix up 修理;修补;解决
18. be similar to 与……相似
20. set up 建立;设立
22. disabled people 残疾人
24. make a difference 影响;有作用
26. be able to 能够
28. after-school reading program课外阅读 项目
【重难点句子】
1. The boy could give out food at the food
bank.
这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。
2. Clean Up Day is only two weeks from now.
清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。
3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.
每周六上午,他都在一家动物医院当志愿者。
4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after school reading program.
去年,她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。
5. ...you can see in their eyes that they’re going on a different journey with each new book.
……乃们的眼睛里你可以看到他们在每本新书中都能获得不一样的旅行。
6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.
我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。
7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.
现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。
1. make sure 确信;确认
3. beat against... 拍打……
5. fall asleep M入梦乡;睡着
7. die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失
9. wake up 醒来
11. in a mess 一团糟
13. break... apart 使……分离
15. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候
17. at the time of 当……时候
19. make one’s way to在某人去……的路上
21. important events重大事件
23. for example 例如
25. be killed 被杀害
27. a school pupil 一名小学生
29. in silence 沉默;无声
2. go off (闹钟)发出响声
4. take a hot shower 洗热水澡
6. miss the bus 错过公交车
8. pick up 接(电话)
10. bring... together 使……靠拢
12. in the area 在这个地区
14. miss the event 错过这个事件
16. by the side of the road 在路边
18. walk by 走路经过
20. more recently 最近;新近
22. the World Trade Center 世贸中心
24. take down 拆除;摧毁
26. have meaning to 对……有意义
28. remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
30. at first 首先;最初
【重难点句子】
1. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.
当开始下雨的时候,本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。
2. ―What was Jenny doing while Linda was
sleeping?
琳达在睡觉的时候,珍妮正在干什么?
―While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was
helping Mary with her homework.
琳达在睡觉的时候,珍妮正在帮玛丽
做作业。
3. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮,让人感觉这时是午夜。
4. Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working.
本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面,而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。
5. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.
当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候,本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。
6. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.
大约凌晨三点风势逐渐减弱的时候,本终于睡着了。